Khoom Hluav Taws Xob Cov Khoom Uas Cov Khoom Uas Muaj Feem Xyuam Ntawm Cov Khoom Uas Microplastic Particle Contamination

Cov fibers, xws li paj rwb, kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab cov khoom lag luam, tshwj xeeb yog cov neeg tau txais kev paub txog qhov teeb meem. Raws li daim Cotton Incorporated Lifestyle Survey, 27% ntawm US cov neeg siv tau paub txog qhov no, nce 60% ntawm xyoo tas los no 17%. Ntawm cov neeg uas paub txog nws, 60% hais tias lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav hluavtaws fabrics.

Lub Ntiaj Teb Hnub Dej, uas nyuam qhuav dhau lub hli, tau tsim los ntawm 1993 los ntawm United Nations los tsom xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej ntshiab. Xyoo no lub ntsiab lus yog "Tsis muaj dab tsi tawm mus", uas yog ib qho ntawm UN lub 2030 Txheej Txheem rau Sustainable Development: Txhua leej txhua tus yuav tsum tau txais txiaj ntsig raws li kev nce qib hauv kev loj hlob zoo. Koom Tes Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Tug Tub Rog Kev Tshawb Fawb tau pom zoo rau lub tebchaws United Nations rau cov teeb meem txog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev sib tsom hauv marine. Qhov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv microplastic yog thaj chaw ntawm GESAMP kev tshawb fawb. Hauv ib txoj kev tshawb rau xyoo 2018, lub koom haum tau qhia txog kev txhawj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv microplastic mus rau cov khoom noj khoom haus marine, thiab raws li ib txhia neeg txhais lus tau taw qhia, cov khoom noj uas raug cov kab mob no tau noj los ntawm tib neeg. Nws kuj tau txiav txim siab tias hluavtaws fabrics yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm microplastic particle contamination.

Raws li ntaub ntawv los ntawm National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) hauv National Library of Medicine, cov khoom siv hluavtaws muaj xws li polyester, nylon, thiab acrylic, uas yog li ntawm 60 feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv thoob ntiajteb. Zoo li daim tawv yas, cov khoom siv hluavtaws tuaj ntawm cov nplaum thiab roj. Kuj nyiam lub plastics, cov hluavtaws cov hluavtaws no yog cov dej tsis haum.

Cotton Incorporated tau ua haujlwm nrog North Carolina State University los kawm txog kev degribration microfiber hauv qhov chaw hauv dej yug tsiaj. Cov txiaj ntsim tau pom tias tom qab ib lub hlis, qhov txo qhov paj laum ntawm paj rwb yog 82%, thaum lub tshuab fiber ntau tsis degrade txhua.

Raws li kev tshawb nrhiav txoj kev ua neej, ntau tshaj 80% ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev pab (85%) hais tias lawv txhawj xeeb txog dej tsis zoo. Ntxiv mus, ze li ob feem peb ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev pab (63%) lawv hais tias lawv xav paub ntau thiab loyal rau cov npe uas muaj cov ntawv nthuav dav ntawm ntuj, raws li cov npe uas tsim cov ris tsho nyob rau hauv ib qho kev lag luam (45%).

Kev tshawb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav txoj kev ua neej qhia tau hais tias txawm tias muaj kev txhawj xeeb, tsuas yog li ntawm ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg siv (32%) tab tom nrhiav txoj hau kev nrhiav cov khaub ncaws uas tau ua tiav. Txawm li cas los xij, 30% ntawm cov neeg lag luam hauv online hais tias paub txog qhov chaw hneev taw ntawm ib yam khoom yuav cuam tshuam lawv txoj kev txiav txim siab mus yuav khaub ncaws. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg siv nrog lub tswv yim no yog siab dua (38%) hauv lub xyoo txhiab.

Qhov teeb meem ntawm microplastic particle contamination ua nce nce ntawm cov neeg thiab cov tseev tsim khoom. Kev tshawb nrhiav ua los ntawm ORB Media, Washington, DC-based, thiab University of Minnesota Tsev Kawm Ntawv Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, pom tau tias ntau dua li ntawm 80 feem pua ntawm cov hnoos qaub tshaj ntawm tsib continents tau kuaj pom muaj cov microplastic fibers. Tsis tas li ntawd, Patagonia tau koom tes nrog University of California lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Tswj hauv Santa Barbara los sau ib tsab ntawv ceeb toom hu ua "Microplastic Particle Pollution and Apparel Industry". Daim ntawv tshaj tawm no qhia tau tias cov kua nplaum uas tawm ntawm lub cev yog tso tawm los ntawm txhua hnub hnav thiab ntxuav cov hluavtaws ntawm cov khoom siv sib txuas.

Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm University of Plymouth hauv tebchaws United Kingdom hauv xyoo 2016 tau tshaj tawm hais tias lub tsev tu plaub loj loj yuav tsim tau 700,000 hluav taws xob microparticles. Tsis ntev los no, NCBI pom tau tias tsuas yog ib qho hluav taws xob lub tsho hluav taws xob thiaj tso tawm tau 110,000 yas hlau yas thaum hnav khaub ncaws.

American Apparel thiab Footwear Association (AAFA) hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sib tham txog cov khoom siv microplastic.

Nate Herman, tus tuam thawj tswj hwm ntawm koom haum cov khoom muag, nws hais tias: "Kev lag luam thiab kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb muaj kev tshawb nrhiav." Qhov tseeb, muaj qee qhov kev txiav txim rau cov qauv tsim tawm uas tsim los ntes cov microfibers thaum lub sijhawm txheej txheem ntxhua khaub ncaws. Kev tsim kho ntawm tib neeg txoj kev txhawb nqa. Tiam sis txoj kev tshawb no tsis deb ntawm kev ua tiav. "

Herman tau hais tias AAFA tau ua lub luag haujlwm hauv lub xeev-kev sib sab laj, nrog rau kev koom tes hauv kev sib tham hauv Connecticut los sib tham txog qhov kev sib txuas lus rau qhov sib kis ntawm microplastic thiab yuav ua li cas rau cov neeg siv kev txhawj xeeb.

Xyoo tas los no, California thiab New York State Legislatures nkag tau ib daim nqi kom tag nrho cov khaub ncaws uas muaj ntau tshaj 50% cov hluavtaws hluavtaws raug sau npe, qhia meej meej cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov khoom siv microplastic. Tab sis Herman tau hais tias txoj cai lij choj tau hloov cov tib neeg txoj kev xav ntawm kev daws cov teeb meem.

Muaj tsis muaj kev ntseeg hais tias kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov phooj ywg yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov hom lag luam. Raws li kev tshawb fawb ntawm txoj kev ua neej, ntau tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev pab (36%) lawv tau hais tias lawv "heev lossis" yuav tau txais yuav cov ris tsho uas ua los ntawm kev noj qab haus huv los yog kev noj qab nyob zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, piv nrog cov txiv neej ua qoob loo, 84% ntawm cov neeg tau txais kev ntseeg tias cov paj rwb yog qhov tseem ciaj.

Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm International Union for Preservation of Nature, cov neeg tshawb xyuas tau hais tias muaj ntau yam kev sib kis ntawm cov kabmob microplastic yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas lus los daws cov teeb meem qhov teeb meem.

"Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm txoj kev xa cov tshuab ua hluav taws xob me me tuaj yeem siv daim qauv ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab thiab cov qauv ntse, xws li txo cov ntaub ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tawm ntawm cov fibers los yog pib ntxuav cav tov nrog cov ntxaij lim dej," tus IUCN said. Cov kev siv dag zog no yuav tsum tau txais kev txhawb los ntawm cov Legislative Department thiab cov cai ntawm txoj cai los txhawb kev hloov tiag tiag. Rau lwm cov tes, raws li tus neeg tau txais kev pab uas siv cov microplastic granules, peb muaj lub luag haujlwm los qhia ntawv peb tus kheej thiab kho peb tus cwj pwm kom tiv thaiv peb lub ntiaj teb xiav. "